Brick wall construction



May 23, 1939. H. FABER 2,159,019

BRICK WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed May 22, 1937 IO N 5 I la.

INVENTOR H rber? Faber Patented May 23, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BRICK WALL CONSTRUCTION Herbert Alfred Faber, Cincinnati, Ohio Application May 22, 1937, Serial No. 144,168

2 Claims.

tion.

2. A minimum'of contact areas between component single walls defining the voids, without sacrifice of intimate interlocking of the single walls.

3. A novel type of brick, and a scheme for placing such brick in combination with ordinary types of brick for attaining thorough inter-tying of all the bricks in the respective component single Walls.

7 4. Symmetry of structure.

5. Great structural strength and the ability to bear loads substantially uniformly throughout.

An outstanding structural feature of the invention is the provision of composite studs between the component single walls, integral alternately with one and the other of the single walls along their vertical extent. Both the component single walls and the composite studs are built up of brick, the bricks of the studs forming, in part, a portion of one or the other of the single walls.

In preferred embodiments, special L-shaped bricks are utilized in combination with the ordinary type of building brick. The projecting legs of certain groups of the L-shaped bricks are vertically aligned to form stud sections, and the stud sections projecting from one component single wall overlap the stud sections projecting from the other component single wall, alternately, from bottom to top of the wall, in forming the above mentioned composite studs.

In the drawing which illustrates but one embodiment of this invention: 1 r

Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of a fragment of a wall embodying the features of the invention. A portion of the front component single wall is broken out revealing the composite studs.

Fig. 2 represents a horizontal section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 represents a. horizontal section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 represents a horizontal section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 represents a vertical section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 illustrates in perspective overlapping L-shaped bricks in the wall construction of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawing: The wall illustrated is hollow and comprises the component single walls In and II, one parallel to, and substantially coextensive with the other. Each of the single walls l0 and H is built up from a plurality of bricks laid end-to-end horizontally forming courses and one upon another providing the vertical dimension of the wall.

Bricks of the usual building type are preferably employed. These may be molded from clay or a cementitious mixture. The standard American brick is rectangular in configuration with average dimension of 2 x 4 x 8 inches. Such bricks are indicated at l2 in the drawing.

In the illustrated embodiment, for providing the composite studs between the spaced component single walls, L-shaped bricks I3 are placed at appropriately spaced locations in each course of each single wall. The L-shaped bricks I3 are wholly integral and have a vertex portion l3a and a body leg i3b which, taken together, are coextensive in configuration and'dimension with the usual bricks l2. The vertex portion I31: and the body leg l3b are advantageously identical in configuration and dimension. In addition, a leg projects preferably at right angles to the body leg I322. The length of projecting leg Be is determined by the required thickness and other structural characteristics of the entire wall construction.

In constructing the wall, the component single walls are built up opposite each other, spaced apart, and usually mutually parallel. The bricks l2 are laid end-to-end with mortar in the customary manner. Interposed between groups of serially related bricks l2in the illustrated embodiment there are three bricks l2 to each group-are L-shaped bricks l3 placed with their projecting legs l3c-extencling into the space between the single walls.

The L-shaped bricks l3 are so incorporated in each course at spaced locations along its horizontal extent that for a given group of consecutive courses in either of the component single walls l0 and II, the projecting legs I30 of superimposed L-shaped bricks are vertically aligned. The so formed sets of vertically aligned projecting legs I30 extend into the space between the single walls and provide stud-sections for the wall.

In the present case, groups I; of five consecutive courses of single wall l0 provide stud sections Ma at spaced locations along the horizontal extent of the wall. Likewise groups I5 of five consecutive courses of single wall I I provide stud sections I5a at spaced locations along the hori- Zontal extent of the wall.

Further, the L-shaped bricks I3 are preferably so placed in their respective courses that a stud section Ma of single wall I extends centrally between two adjacent stud sections Ia of the directly opposite portion of single wall II, (see Fig. 4) and so that, vice versa, stud sections I5a extend centrally between two adjacent stud sections Ma of the directly opposite portion of single Wall Ill.

The next group I4 of courses are built up on the top of the first group I4 with a stud section I la disposed centrally of two adjacent stud sections Ida immediately thereunder, incidentally, overlapping a lower stud section I5a. Likewise, the next group I5 of courses of single wall I I, are built up on the top of the first group I5 with a stud section I5a disposed centrally of two adjacent stud sections I5a immediately thereunder, incidentally overlapping a lower stud section I la. In this manner the respective single walls It and II may be built upto any desired height in providing a wall construction pursuant to the present invention.

For enhancing the insulating characteristics of the wall and providing a minimum of contact area between the two component single walls, the stud sections overlap only partially. There will thus be provided a space between the free end of every stud section and the inner face of the opposing single wall.

The L--shaped bricks I3 are superimposed upon one another, at the locations of formation of the stud sections, according to a scheme providing inter-tying of such bricks with the bricks I2 of the same single wall. As clearly illustrated in Fig. 6, the L-shaped bricks I3a are disposed one upon the other for each group of courses, with their vertex sections [3a coextensively superimposed and vertically aligned, and with their body legs ISb extending alternately in opposite directions from course to course. The body leg I3b plus the vertex section I3a of one L-shaped brick will thus cover and reinforce the joint between a brick I2 and an L-shaped brick I3 immediately therebelow and a similar joint immediately thereabove.

Fig. 2, representing a plan view of a complete course of the wall construction, may be compared with Fig. 3, representing a plan view of the complete course immediately below that of Fig. 2, as an illustration of the scheme of brick placement within any single group I4 or I5 of consecutive courses.

Fig. 3, representing a plan View of a complete bottom course of related consecutive course groups It and I5, may be compared with Fig. 4, representing a plan view of the complete top course of the related consecutive course groups,

I4 and I5 on which the stated bottom course rests, as an illustration of the placement of the related consecutive course groups I4 and I5, with respect to one another in attaining overlap of stud sections.

Whereas this invention has been illustrated and described with respect to one preferred embodiment thereof it should be clearly understood that changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.

I claim:

1. A hollow brick Wall comprising component single walls mutually spaced apart, and composite studs disposed therebetween at intervals along the horizontal extent of the wall, each of said composite studs being integral with one and the other of the component single walls, alternately, from bottom to top, the said alternations in the composite studs being provided by individual groups of bricks, all of the bricks in any one group being consecutively aligned, being integral with only one of the component walls, having portions which form part of the main body of that component wall, andbeing spaced apart from the other component wall to provide insulation space.

2. In wall construction, a hollow double wall comprising component single walls formed of groups of brick courses, said groups of one of the component walls tying in with said groups of the other of the component walls to form composite studs integral alternately with the respective component walls along the vertical extension of the wall construction, said groups of brick courses comprising special mutually similar L-shaped bricks spaced apart horizontally in each course, the L-shaped bricks of an individual course being placed with the projecting leg member of each brick extending into the hollow between the two component walls, and the said L-shaped bricks of a higher individual course in any one group of courses being superimposedon the L- shaped bricks of the next lower individual course of that group of courses so that their body legs extend, respectively, opposite to the extensions, respectively, of the body legs of the L-shaped bricks on which they rest; the said groups of courses being superimposed so that the grouped projecting leg members of the L-shaped bricks of one group of courses of one component wall overlap the grouped projecting leg members of the L-shaped bricks of the next lower group of courses of the opposite component wall, thereby providing the said composite studs for the wall construction, the length of said overlap being considerably less than the length of said projecting legs so that there is insulating space left between the projecting legs and that single wall which lies opposite the terminal ends of said projecting legs.

HERBERT ALFRED FABER. 

